Fitness and Body Metabolism

Written by Austin Moy | Oct 24, 2023 12:38:52 PM

INTRODUCTION
Metabolism is several chemical processes going on constantly inside your body. These processes enhance normal functioning (homeostasis). These processes involve breaking down nutrients from your food and building and repairing your body tissues. Attaining or sustaining a healthy weight is an act of balance.
A good amount of the energy you use every day keeps all the systems functioning appropriately. Metabolism is something you can not regulate. However, you can cause metabolism to work for you when you exercise and maintain fitness. When the body is active, it burns more energy.

HOW MANY PROCESSES OF METABOLISM DO WE HAVE
Body metabolism is complicated and divided into two parts. Which are controlled by the body to ensure they stay in balance. They include:

Catabolism. This is breaking down food components such as protein, carbohydrates, and dietary fats into simpler forms. Catabolism provides the building blocks needed for growth and repair. And the energy to the body.
Anabolism. This is the building or repair of the body system. Anabolism needs energy from your food. When you eat more than required for everyday anabolism, there is the storage of excess nutrients in the body as fat.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE BODY METABOLISM
Some factors influence body metabolism rate by some factors, which include:

Body size; bigger adult bodies have more metabolizing tissue and increased body metabolism.
Age; metabolism reduces with an increase in age due to reduced muscle mass and hormonal and neurological modifications.
Gender; men generally have more rapid metabolisms than women because they tend to be larger.
Amount of physical activity; During exercise, muscles require enough energy to burn calories. Frequent exercise and physical fitness increase muscle mass and help the body burn calories faster and even at rest

BENEFITS OF FITNESS ON BODY METABOLISM
Exercise and physical fitness have a powerful effect on body metabolism, and body adaptation to changes induced by exercise is crucial. The energy needed for muscle contraction and the physiological activities of vital tissues requires efficient body adaptation.
Depending on the intensity and duration of exercise, different mechanisms are required to make energy available and maintain homeostatic control. Rapid and coordinated changes in the secretion of several hormones make it possible.
Fitness training improves muscle insulin sensitivity. It prevents and treats metabolic disorders.
Fitness training can boost your metabolism by building lean muscle mass and slightly increasing your resting metabolic rate (the number of calories your body burns while at rest).
Also, vigorous exercise and fitness training can increase your metabolic rate for hours after exercise. It is termed postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) but referred to as "after-burn." Vigorous exercise requires your body to increase your heart and breathing rates. It also increases your core temperature. During this elevated state, your body burns more calories.

CONCLUSION
Exercise and fitness training is crucial in maintaining a healthy and adequate body metabolism rate. Cardiovascular exercises such as running, swimming, aerobics, walking stimulate your metabolism, helps you burn calories, and are therefore highly recommended for metabolism.

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REFERENCES

Jackson, E.M. (2013). STRESS RELIEF: The Role of Exercise in Stress Management. ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal, 17, 14–19.

MacKenzie-Shalders, K., Kelly, J. T., So, D., Coffey, V. G., & Byrne, N. M. (2020). The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of sports sciences, 38(14), 1635-1649.

Moghetti, P., Bacchi, E., Brangani, C., Donà, S., & Negri, C. (2016). Metabolic effects of exercise. Sports Endocrinology, 47, 44-57.

Vidal, P., & Stanford, K. I. (2020). Exercise-induced adaptations to adipose tissue thermogenesis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 11, 270.

Tjønna, A. E., Lee, S. J., Rognmo, Ø., Stølen, T. O., Bye, A., Haram, P. M., ... & Wisløff, U. (2008). Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome: a pilot study. Circulation, 118(4), 346-354.

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